HN3.H1.7 +D1 The Hypophysioportal Circulation

The Hypophysioportal Circulation:

  • The hypophysioportal circulation is formed by the superior hypophysial artery, a branch of the internal carotid artery, which feeds a capillary bed located around the junction between the neural stalk of the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus
  • Axons from neurosecretory cells (producing inhibitory/stimulatory factors) in the hypothalamus terminate on these capillaries
  • Hormones released from the axon terminals pass into these capillaries
  • The capillaries drain into veins which pass through the neural stalk and into the anterior pituitary
  • There, they feed a second capillary bed which is located around the secretory cells of the anterior pituitary
  • The inhibitory/stimulatory hormones pass out of the capillaries and act on the anterior pituitary cells to regulate hormone production/secretion
  • Hormones from the anterior pituitary cells pass into the same capillaries which are then drained by hypophysial veins which carry the blood into the general circulation
  • The veins which carry blood from the capillary bed in the base of the neural stalk to the capillary bed in the anterior pituitary are known as the hypophysial portal veins

Question:

    Where else in the body do you find a "portal" circulation?

Diagram of Hypophysioportal Circulation:

    The Hypophysioportal Circulation