- 1921
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Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Frederick Soddy, Professor of Chemistry at the University of Aberdeen from 1914-1919, for his work on radioactivity and isotopes.
- 1923
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Nobel Prize in Medicine
Professor J J R Macleod, jointly with Frederick Banting, for the research which led to the development of insulin as a treatment for diabetes.
- 1937
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Nobel Prize in Physics
Sir George Paget Thomson, Professor of Natural Philosophy (Physics) at Aberdeen from 1922-1930, together with the American physicist C J Davisson "for their (independent) experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals".
- 1949
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Nobel Peace Prize
Lord Boyd Orr, Director of the Rowett Institute and Professor of Agriculture from 1942 to 1945, in recognition of his contribution to the worldwide fight against hunger.
- 1952
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Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Richard L M Synge, a biochemist with the Rowett Institute from 1948 to 1967, and Richard Synge for the invention of partition chromatography - a technique used in the separation mixtures of similar chemicals that revolutionised analytical chemistry.